What drives urbanisation according to demographic trends?

Rural-urban migration is the primary driver of urbanization according to demographic trends. This phenomenon involves individuals or families relocating from rural areas to urban centers in search of better employment opportunities, improved living conditions, and access to education and healthcare services. As rural economies often rely heavily on agriculture, a decline in agricultural jobs due to mechanization or other factors can contribute to this migration trend. Urban areas typically present greater economic prospects, attracting people who seek to enhance their quality of life.

While increased agricultural jobs, decreased birth rates, and rural development projects can impact migration patterns and population dynamics, they do not directly drive urbanization to the same extent. Rural-urban migration reflects a significant change in demographics, as large populations move towards cities, thus reshaping urban landscapes and contributing to the growth of cities worldwide.