Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to water scarcity?

Effective water management is a crucial factor that can mitigate the effects of water scarcity rather than contribute to it. When water resources are managed properly, it ensures that available water supplies are utilized efficiently and sustainably. This includes practices such as rainwater harvesting, wastewater recycling, and the development of infrastructure to store and distribute water effectively.

In contrast, low rainfall and high population growth can significantly exacerbate water scarcity, as they reduce the available water supply and increase demand, respectively. Additionally, poor infrastructure can lead to inefficient distribution, loss of water due to leaks, and limited access to reliable water sources, further compounding issues related to water scarcity. Effective management, on the other hand, aims to address these challenges, highlighting its importance as a solution rather than a contributing factor to the problem.