Which of the following terms refers to the total number of live births compared to a specific segment of the population?

The age-specific birth rate is the correct term for the total number of live births compared to a specific segment of the population, specifically within a certain age group. This metric is typically expressed as the number of live births per 1,000 women in that age group over a given time period, usually one year. It provides a more nuanced understanding of fertility patterns among different age groups, which can reveal important demographic trends and inform policy decisions.

The general fertility rate, while also measuring fertility, encompasses all women of childbearing age (often defined as ages 15 to 49) without isolating a specific segment, making it broader than the age-specific metric. The crude birth rate measures the total number of live births in a population regardless of age, relative to the total population size, thus lacking the specificity about age.

The replacement rate refers to the number of children each woman needs to have to keep the population stable and is not a direct measure of live births compared to a specific segment of the population. Therefore, age-specific birth rate accurately captures the intended concept in the question.